Which of the following actions is illegal for a veterinary technician?

Performing surgery is a procedure that falls within the scope of practice for licensed veterinarians only. It requires a comprehensive understanding of surgical techniques, anesthesia management, and post-operative care, which are beyond the training and certification of veterinary technicians. While veterinary technicians can assist in surgery, facilitate pre-operative preparations, and help with post-operative monitoring under a veterinarian's supervision, they are not legally permitted to perform surgery themselves.

In contrast, documenting patient history, discussing treatment options with clients, and administering anesthesia with supervision are typically within the scope of responsibilities that veterinary technicians can perform, provided they are operating under the directive of a licensed veterinarian. This distinction is crucial in ensuring that animals receive the appropriate level of care and legal compliance is maintained within veterinary practice.